Delphinidin-3-<i>O</i>-sambubioside: a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor identified from natural anthocyanins

Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activities of 18 monomeric anthocyanins from berry fruits and roselle, illustrate underlying mechanism most active anthocyanin delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside. Materials Methods Eighteen were prepared purified in our laboratory. The properties investigated by vitro activity studies fluorescence quenching studies; explored through kinetic studies, circular dichroism analysis computational docking simulations. Results XO related structures B rings glycosides. Among all tested anthocyanins, delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside showed potent with an IC50 17.1 ?M, which comparable positive control allopurinol. Spectroscopic results revealed that could spontaneously interact induce conformational changes. Computational indicated bind a proper orientation, stably formed ?–? interactions hydrogen bonds key residues, thus preventing substrate entering pocket. Conclusions In brief, identified as inhibitor natural is potentially applicable for prevention treatment hyperuricemia.